Yeah, I've been procrastinating on getting this one out. Actually, what I was doing was giving everyone a chance to catch up...yeah, that's it. Sure. OK, enough, down to work.
Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb Sweeping Festival, is a fairly big deal in China as far as holidays go. I knew you were going to ask, so here's some information, courtesy of my new best friend, Wikipedia.
Oh, brother! WAAAY too much information there. Not in the mood to edit that down to a manageable size! Let me try somewhere else.
Argh! Everything else
sucks is not what I'm looking for, so here goes.
Thank you for bearing with me.
The Qingming Festival,Pure Brightness Festival or Clear Bright Festival, Ancestors Day or Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival usually occurring around April 5. Its name denotes a time for people to go outside and enjoy the greenery of springtime and tend to the graves of departed ones. [So far, so good!]
Origin
Qingming Festival is when Chinese people visit the graves of their ancestors. The festival originated from Hanshi Day (literally, Day with cold food only), a memorial day for Jie Zitui. He was one of many followers of Duke Wen of Jin. Once, during Wen's 19 years of exile, they had no food and Jie prepared some meat soup for Wen. Wen enjoyed it a lot and wondered where Jie had obtained the soup. It turned out Jie had cut a piece of meat from his own thigh to make the soup. [GROSS!] Wen was so moved he promised to reward him one day. However, Jie was not the type of person who sought rewards. He just wanted to help Wen to become duke. Once Wen became duke, Jie resigned. Duke Wen rewarded the people who helped him in the decades, but for some reason he forgot to reward Jie, who by then had moved into the forest with his mother. Duke Wen went to the forest, but could not find Jie. Heeding suggestions from his officials, Duke Wen ordered men to set the forest on fire to force out Jie. [I bet it seemed like a good idea at the time.] However, Jie died in the fire. Feeling remorseful, Duke Wen ordered three days without fire to honour Jie's memory. [Ahh...hence the "Cold Food" day and the origin of this fast food restaurant in the Carrefour shopping centre.]
No human thighs were used in the preparation of these dishes.
Celebration
The Qingming Festival is an opportunity for celebrants to remember and
honour their ancestors. Young and old pray before the ancestors, sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, chopsticks,
joss paper accessories, and/or libations to the ancestors.
On Qingming people go on family outings, start the spring plowing, sing, dance. Qingming is also the time when young couples start courting. Another popular thing to do is to fly kites in the shapes of animals or characters from
Chinese opera. Another common practice is to carry flowers instead of burning paper, incense or firecrackers.
[You guys have seen an example of the paper money, it's from the Bank of the Hell.]
Yes, this was the shortened version!
So what did I do this day? I went on a tour with the American Women's Club of Shanghai (AWCS) to the Shanghai Longhua Funeral Parlour which houses the Shanghai Funeral Museum.
A surprisingly modern facility, very different from what I was expecting.
I just love Chinglish!
Funerary flowers being delivered.
A mourner arriving.
Maybe he should have rethought his choice of outfit.
We entered.
The reception area
We then took the elevator up to the 5th floor to the Shanghai Funeral Museum. Interestingly, even though the number four is considered unlucky in Chinese culture (similar to 13 for Western culture) and avoided wherever possible, the elevator had a 4th floor. I guess this funeral company is attempting to dispel old superstitions surrounding death.
Bright and airy
An exhibit in the hallway
A funeral parlour plaque saved from the destruction wreaked during the Cultural Revolution.
Now into the Museum's exhibits, the first room
showing us the traditional funeral customs.
Stone lions that guarded an ancient tomb.
Behind them, a photo showing items excavated from various burial sites.
These pieces would be about 6000 to 7000 years old.
Close up
The following three photos show burial pottery found
in ancient tombs in the Shanghai area.
Photo from the late Qing Dynasty,1644-1912, (Well, that narrows it down.)
showing mourners burning incense outside their home.
I'm guessing this is from the 1890s to 1900s.
I hope you can make out the traditional clothing which,
I suppose, was maybe considered contemporary then.
Gravestone from the Qing Dynasty
Photo of gravestone marker from a more modern time.
The next display case showed members of a Hong Bai Gang, a type of benevolent society that planned and performed marriage and funeral ceremonies, carrying a dragon-headed coffin. The dragon is seen as a good luck symbol by the Chinese.
The more bearers for the coffin, the higher the deceased's social status. The number of bearers ranged from four to sixteen. Sixteen was the highest number allowed for citizens without an official title. The coffin bearers wore special blue uniforms and the mourners wore white linen clothing, including a white linen sash. Modern mourners still wear just the white linen belt tied around their waist. I saw many of them that day, but you'll be glad to know that out of respect, I didn't take their pictures.
I could take a picture of this, a linen mourning outfit in a display case.
Other funeral accessories
A special stick carried by the mourners.
A jacket worn by the deceased.
It's extra thick to absorb the er, um, ah, "juices" from the dead person.
Hey! I'm just repeating what our tour guide told us.
Photo showing members of a benevolent society collecting coffins.
I have no idea if they were full or empty. I think that latter as this was taken during some armed conflict.
Moving along, we came to the era of "pathological prosperity" for the
Shanghai funeral industry.
I really do love Chinglish.
During the Cultural Revolution, most of Shanghai's funeral facilities were destroyed and most of the cemeteries were under military control. Cremation replaced burial and all funeral customs thought to be old were forbidden. Many old tombstones were destroyed, some were salvaged, like the ones below.
Tombstones from a Jewish cemetery,
this one has German writing.
This one has Russian.
This is a traditional Nanmu coffin. I know, huge. It's made of special type of wood that inhibits decay... of the body, that is. Chinese emperors used this type of material in their coffins.
Lucky symbols
With a virtual end to burials, cremation urns became more popular.
Beautiful carving
This is the type of room where mourning families would have
received people paying their respects.
Note white funeral flower decorations
CSI Shanghai, 1920s style
Speaking of CSI Shanghai, towards the end of the museum they had
numerous tools of the modern day trade.
Hair styling items
Make-up for the deceased
I bet it's really long-lasting.
Special VIP casket for viewing the dearly departed
I half expected to see seven dwarves gathered 'round.
We left the museum and proceeded to the retail part of the Shanghai Longhua Funeral Parlour. It was like one stop shopping for all your funeral needs.
Racks of padded jackets to dress the deceased.
Yeah, you now know why they're padded.
I loved this!
At a Chinese funeral, all the guests are given a package like this. The store sold several varieties. They reminded me of Italian bombonieres. These packages contain a hand towel and chocolate. The hand towel is to wipe away your tears and the chocolate is to cheer you up. What a brilliant idea! Take note, folks, I want this done at my funeral.
This was certainly not your typical tour. Not everyone has the chance to "go behind the scenes". I was glad I had the opportunity.